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	<title>Comments on: Interstellar Communications</title>
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	<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/</link>
	<description>A Fusion Starship Study</description>
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		<title>By: Pat Galea</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-1902</link>
		<dc:creator>Pat Galea</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Jan 2011 21:36:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-1902</guid>
		<description>@Catalyst: Some good ideas there!

We are looking at the possible use of relays on Icarus. The system we are examining right now is one in which Icarus itself drops off relays during the boost phase of the craft, so that the relays spread out over the years, forming a chain from the target star all the way back to Earth.

What you&#039;re describing sounds very much like an Interplanetary Internet, perhaps using the Delay Tolerant Networking system created by Vint Cerf (who is now a consultant on Icarus, by the way). This ties into some interesting questions about what infrastructure is needed in the solar system in order to process interstellar comms, and whether Icarus should be pointing directly toward Earth or whether it should be pointing toward a space-based receiver.

Thanks for your comments.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Catalyst: Some good ideas there!</p>
<p>We are looking at the possible use of relays on Icarus. The system we are examining right now is one in which Icarus itself drops off relays during the boost phase of the craft, so that the relays spread out over the years, forming a chain from the target star all the way back to Earth.</p>
<p>What you&#8217;re describing sounds very much like an Interplanetary Internet, perhaps using the Delay Tolerant Networking system created by Vint Cerf (who is now a consultant on Icarus, by the way). This ties into some interesting questions about what infrastructure is needed in the solar system in order to process interstellar comms, and whether Icarus should be pointing directly toward Earth or whether it should be pointing toward a space-based receiver.</p>
<p>Thanks for your comments.</p>
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		<title>By: Catalsyst</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-1898</link>
		<dc:creator>Catalsyst</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Jan 2011 06:56:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-1898</guid>
		<description>What about dedicated relay stations? Just starting close in, a few satellites out past Mars could serve to relay transmissions from probes sent to the outer planets. Admittedly, for current missions the payoff is minimal, as current probes are designed to send the signal all the way home. But future missions could scale back the transmitter on the probe in both size and complexity because it only has to beam part of the way home. The relay satellite picks up the transmission, maybe cleans it up a bit, then boosts it home.                                                                                               You could extend this idea further, and eventually put up another network, maybe between Saturn and Uranus. This network could relay for Kuiper belt probes. Later and further out another network could be placed in the belt in order to relay from probes sent into the interstellar medium that surrounds our solar system.                                                                                                          Such a system of  dedicated relay stations would be easily standardized, meaning the contractors who make the parts can create an assembly line style of production, reducing the cost of production. The emerging private market could make great use of standardized parts, increasing market demand for space related products.                                                                                                 Hopefully such a conjunction of private and national interests will help bring us to a point where we will have the need to use the sun to focus a signal sent from another star.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What about dedicated relay stations? Just starting close in, a few satellites out past Mars could serve to relay transmissions from probes sent to the outer planets. Admittedly, for current missions the payoff is minimal, as current probes are designed to send the signal all the way home. But future missions could scale back the transmitter on the probe in both size and complexity because it only has to beam part of the way home. The relay satellite picks up the transmission, maybe cleans it up a bit, then boosts it home.                                                                                               You could extend this idea further, and eventually put up another network, maybe between Saturn and Uranus. This network could relay for Kuiper belt probes. Later and further out another network could be placed in the belt in order to relay from probes sent into the interstellar medium that surrounds our solar system.                                                                                                          Such a system of  dedicated relay stations would be easily standardized, meaning the contractors who make the parts can create an assembly line style of production, reducing the cost of production. The emerging private market could make great use of standardized parts, increasing market demand for space related products.                                                                                                 Hopefully such a conjunction of private and national interests will help bring us to a point where we will have the need to use the sun to focus a signal sent from another star.</p>
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		<title>By: Icarus: Reusing Fuel Tanks as Communications Relays &#8212; Project Icarus</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-1299</link>
		<dc:creator>Icarus: Reusing Fuel Tanks as Communications Relays &#8212; Project Icarus</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Aug 2010 04:20:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-1299</guid>
		<description>[...] important measurements of the interstellar medium, and other long baseline measurements, which will necessitate a reliable communications link with Earth [1, 2]. Although communications are of primary importance, perhaps the most difficult design [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] important measurements of the interstellar medium, and other long baseline measurements, which will necessitate a reliable communications link with Earth [1, 2]. Although communications are of primary importance, perhaps the most difficult design [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Project Icarus, Project Daedalus, Interstellar Communications &#8212; Project Icarus</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-177</link>
		<dc:creator>Project Icarus, Project Daedalus, Interstellar Communications &#8212; Project Icarus</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Mar 2010 00:50:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-177</guid>
		<description>[...] a previous article we took a broad look at the problems involved in interstellar communications. In this article, we [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] a previous article we took a broad look at the problems involved in interstellar communications. In this article, we [...]</p>
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		<title>By: varda</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-93</link>
		<dc:creator>varda</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 12:05:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-93</guid>
		<description>I am also glad for the space penetrating work that you are trying to do, Except I have a whole lot of questions like navigation, communications and safety from interstellar objects or space debris. Though you have answered many in the website, I am just trying to think about 100% safe mission. Yeas why not it is only a matter of space before we get there ;-)</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am also glad for the space penetrating work that you are trying to do, Except I have a whole lot of questions like navigation, communications and safety from interstellar objects or space debris. Though you have answered many in the website, I am just trying to think about 100% safe mission. Yeas why not it is only a matter of space before we get there <img src='http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';-)' class='wp-smiley' /> </p>
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		<title>By: Pat Galea</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-46</link>
		<dc:creator>Pat Galea</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2010 17:29:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-46</guid>
		<description>Adam, yes, you&#039;re right. You can use just the probe at the target star&#039;s focus if you don&#039;t need to update the probe.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Adam, yes, you&#8217;re right. You can use just the probe at the target star&#8217;s focus if you don&#8217;t need to update the probe.</p>
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		<title>By: Adam</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-41</link>
		<dc:creator>Adam</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 23 Jan 2010 09:19:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-41</guid>
		<description>I think if the receiving station is situated in the Sun&#039;s gravity focus of the target star that alone should provide sufficient gain of the probe&#039;s signal shouldn&#039;t it? Have a two station system is really for two-way traffic, which we may well need for long-term exploration of a system. Our probe would really need to be a lot smarter than a mere flyby or an orbitting sub-probe bus, to act as our proxy in the target system if we&#039;re planning on updating it and sending new instructions. 

That does leave the intriguing possibility of using the probe/s as a base-builder if it is sufficiently adaptable. At launch the software may not be sufficiently developed, so updates could be beamed thanks to the gravity lens. Adaptability will allow us to set the probe/s to new tasks as we analyse the data, though the lightspeed lag would be maddening.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think if the receiving station is situated in the Sun&#8217;s gravity focus of the target star that alone should provide sufficient gain of the probe&#8217;s signal shouldn&#8217;t it? Have a two station system is really for two-way traffic, which we may well need for long-term exploration of a system. Our probe would really need to be a lot smarter than a mere flyby or an orbitting sub-probe bus, to act as our proxy in the target system if we&#8217;re planning on updating it and sending new instructions. </p>
<p>That does leave the intriguing possibility of using the probe/s as a base-builder if it is sufficiently adaptable. At launch the software may not be sufficiently developed, so updates could be beamed thanks to the gravity lens. Adaptability will allow us to set the probe/s to new tasks as we analyse the data, though the lightspeed lag would be maddening.</p>
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		<title>By: Sean</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-29</link>
		<dc:creator>Sean</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Jan 2010 15:48:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-29</guid>
		<description>What a great read! Glad someone is working on this stuff!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What a great read! Glad someone is working on this stuff!</p>
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		<title>By: Icarus: An Early Look at Communications</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-28</link>
		<dc:creator>Icarus: An Early Look at Communications</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 11 Jan 2010 13:51:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-28</guid>
		<description>[...] closely in these pages. For today, I want to draw your attention to Pat Galea&#8217;s recent article on the Icarus blog on [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] closely in these pages. For today, I want to draw your attention to Pat Galea&#8217;s recent article on the Icarus blog on [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Interstellar Communications &#171; dudegalea</title>
		<link>http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/interstellar-communications/comment-page-1/#comment-27</link>
		<dc:creator>Interstellar Communications &#171; dudegalea</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Jan 2010 21:24:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.icarusinterstellar.org/blog/?p=52#comment-27</guid>
		<description>[...]  10 01 2010   My article on interstellar communications has been published on the Project Icarus [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...]  10 01 2010   My article on interstellar communications has been published on the Project Icarus [...]</p>
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